Hydropower is a renewable energy source that generates electricity by harnessing the kinetic energy of moving water. It is typically produced using dams, which store and release water through turbines, or run-of-river systems, where flowing water directly drives turbines without the need for a dam. As water flows through the turbines, it turns a generator that converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. Hydropower is a reliable and efficient method of electricity generation, as it can be adjusted to match fluctuations in demand. It is also one of the oldest and most widely used forms of renewable energy, contributing significantly to global clean energy production and playing a vital role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.